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"Where were you when I laid the foundation of the earth?" Job, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Blaise Pascal, Friedrich Nietzsche. - The Question of Human Being as an Answer to it
Lentvorský, Marek ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Pinc, Zdeněk (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of the question of the essence of man in the historical1 cross-section from "biblical" times, through the Renaissance to Nietzsche, in conjunction with the interpretation of Nietzsche's relationship to the Old Testament and possible interpretations Nietzsche's Zarathustra. I based this theiss on the question that the God asks Job about his questions, so on the counter-question: "Where were you when I laid the foundations of the earth?"2 At the beginning, I try to define the question and understand what the question is and what it means to us; later, after taking into account the question, I try to apply the question to variations of Job, Mirandola, Nietzsche. Key words Nietzsche, Job, Mirandola, Pascal, Bible, Old Testament, Question, Essence, Man 1 Nie je mi známe, že v angličtine existuje možnosť rozlišovať dejiny a históriu, tak, ako je to možné u nás, alebo v nemecky hovoriacom prostredí (viz die Geschichte/die Historie). 2 Job 38,4.
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A Woman in the times of late ancient period and early christianity. Virgin, wife, widow.
Bendová, Linda ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Sládková, Kateřina (referee)
The aim of this bachelorete thesis is to show how women were percepted in the age of early christianity on the basis of selected Latin early church fathers's tracts. It is characteristic, that we can't include a perception of women themselves, as we don't have many preserved sources. In the thesis, there is shortly characterised a state of Roman and Jewish woman, too, as the state of early christian woman is mostly based on it. I worked with the tracts of church fathers which were translated to Czech or English laguage and I partly included Latin originals (Jerome, Tertullian, Cyprian, Augustine, Amborse), whose analysis are sorted chronologically. The thesis is divided in three main chapters called "Virgin", "Wife" and "Widow", where I focus on the perception of church fathers on every mentioned phase of life of woman. They mostly rely on perceptions of apostle Paul in the New testament espistel, but they surely work with other parts of the Old and New testament. I came to a conclusion, that opinions of these men authors are often divided, but all of them agree, that the ideal state for a woman is being a virgin, or live at sexual abstinence. KEY WORDS Woman; early christianity; church fathers; virgin; wife; widow; Ambrose; Augustine; Cyprian; Jerome; Tertullian; New testament; apostle Paul
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